Bruno Vespa was a journalist who served the First Republic completely and utterly; as the bard of the Christian Democrats, rewarded with the position of director of TG1, he was subservient to his masters and real employers, namely the various secretaries of Biancofiore, and whose only act of courage in a life spent as a servant was to admit that he was one when (but it was already the last days of Saigon) he said, “My reference publisher is the DC”. Bruno Vespa is to the First Republic what Mario Appelius is to Fascism.