'[S]cientific knowledge' always remained sheer guesswork... controlled by criticism and experiment. ...[T]his assumption is sufficient for solving the problem of induction—called by Immanuel Kant 'the problem of David Hume'— without sacrificing empiricism...[i.e.,] without adopting a principle of induction and ascribing to it a priori validity. For guesses are not 'induced from observations' (although they may ...be suggested ...by observations). This ... allows us to accept ...(...without Bertrand Russell's limits of empiricism) Hume*'s logical criticism of induction and to give up ...an inductive logic, for certainty, and even for