Other notable black men undoubtedly spent time in Puebla... but Pedro López de Villaseñor’s listing suggests... few were able to claim vecindad.[T]he black conquistador Juan Valiente was... [b]orn on the African mainland around 1505... purchased by Hernan Cortés's cousin and... conquistador, Alonso Valiente... [who] took Juan Valiente to Puebla... in 1532.

...In an emerging settlement defined for its anti-conquistador stance, it is not... clear that he benefited from his owner's social standing. ...Valiente asked his owner to grant him four years "to seek opportunity" as a conquistador in Pedro de Alvarado's expedition to Guatemala.

...By 1534 ...[he] had made his way to Guatemala and Northern Peru. He would fight for Diego de Almagro in Chile the following year. Over the next two